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Availability measures whether a machine is mechanically ready to work. Utilisation measures how much of the available time the mine actually used it to move rock.
OEE is availability × utilisation × performance. In mining, performance is actual TPH divided by the rated TPH of the machine.
An engine idling burns 3 to 8 litres of diesel per hour without moving a single tonne. High idle ratio also puts engine hours on the clock, pulling forward scheduled services.
Spotting time is the seconds a dumper spends reversing into position under the excavator shovel, before the first bucket drops. In a tight pit it can be 30 to 60 seconds.
LSF is the lime saturation factor, the ratio of lime to silica, alumina and iron in the cement raw mix. Cement plants run to a narrow LSF band, so the mine blends limestone from several faces to hit it.